Sinuses are air-filled cavities located within the bones of the face and head. They are connected to the nasal passages through small openings. When functioning properly, sinuses are not typically noticeable. However, they are often affected by infections or inflammation, leading to a condition known as sinusitis.
Sinusitis occurs when the sinuses become blocked, inflamed, or infected. Common symptoms include:
Diagnosing sinusitis can be challenging, and a telescope examination of the nose by a specialist is typically required to determine the underlying problem.
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, or Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FEES), is a procedure used to treat sinus problems that do not respond to medical treatment such as antibiotics or nasal sprays. This surgery is minimally invasive, performed through the nostrils without making cuts or stitches on the face. It aims to unblock the sinuses and restore proper drainage.
Surgery is typically only considered after medical management (e.g., antibiotics or steroid medications) has failed. It is important to discuss your symptoms and treatment options with your doctor to decide if surgery is necessary.
Sinus surgery is usually carried out under general or local anaesthesia. The surgeon uses special telescopic instruments to clear the blocked sinuses by removing swollen tissue or small amounts of bone. Once the sinuses are unblocked, inflammation typically resolves, and symptoms improve.
The nasal septum is the cartilage and bone structure that divides the left and right sides of the nose. In some individuals, the septum may be deviated or bent, often as a result of injury or natural growth. This deviation can obstruct nasal airflow and cause breathing difficulties.
A deviated septum is usually not harmful, but if it causes significant discomfort or breathing problems, surgery may be necessary. The decision to undergo surgery is personal and should be based on the severity of symptoms.
Septal surgery (also known as septoplasty) typically takes 30-45 minutes and is performed through the nostrils with no visible scars or bruising on the face. In more complex cases, a small incision between the nostrils may be required. Septal surgery may also be combined with a rhinoplasty if needed for cosmetic reasons.
Post-Operative Care: Packing and Splints
After surgery, nasal packing may be used to control bleeding and help stabilize the septum. This packing will be removed the day after surgery. Nasal splints may also be placed to prevent scar tissue formation and will be removed after about a week.
Pain and Discomfort
Mild pain and nasal blockage are common in the weeks following sinus and septal surgery. Over-the-counter painkillers are usually sufficient to manage discomfort. If you experience severe headaches, contact your doctor immediately.
Can I blow my nose?
It is important to avoid blowing your nose for at least 48 hours after surgery to prevent complications. Your surgeon will advise you on when it is safe to resume gentle nose blowing.
While complications are rare, they can include: